(G36.1) Acute and subacute haemorrhagic leukoencephalitis [hurst]

Acute and subacute haemorrhagic leukoencephalitis (hurst) is a rare, rapidly progressive neurological disorder caused by a viral infection. it is characterized by inflammation of the white matter of the brain, leading to haemorrhages and oedema, resulting in neurological deficits and often death. it is most commonly seen in children and young adults.

Acute and subacute haemorrhagic leukoencephalitis (hurst) is an inflammatory disorder of the white matter of the brain caused by a viral infection. it is thought to be caused by an immune-mediated attack on the myelin sheath of the brain, leading to inflammation, demyelination, and subsequent haemorrhage. this results in a wide variety of neurological symptoms, including seizures, confusion, and motor deficits.

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• Complete physical examination
• Laboratory tests to assess for infection and inflammation, including complete blood count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and C-reactive protein
• Neurological evaluation
• Neuroimaging studies, such as MRI, to assess for white matter changes
• Lumbar puncture to assess for viral or bacterial infection
• Electroencephalography to assess for epileptiform activity
• Cerebrospinal fluid analysis to assess for white blood cells, protein, and glucose levels

Additions:

• Testing for autoantibodies associated with Hurst
• Testing for genetic mutations associated with Hurst

Main goal of the treatment: To reduce the severity of symptoms and slow the progression of the disease.

• Prescribe medications to reduce inflammation and pain.
• Conduct regular follow-up visits with a neurologist.
• Administer intravenous immunoglobulin to reduce inflammation in the brain.
• Monitor the patient's vital signs and neurological functions.
• Provide physical therapy to help improve mobility.
• Prescribe antiepileptic drugs to reduce the risk of seizures.
• Administer a course of corticosteroids to reduce inflammation.
• Provide speech, language, and occupational therapy to help improve communication and motor skills.
• Educate the patient and family about the disease.
• Encourage the patient to participate in social activities.

The best way to prevent acute and subacute haemorrhagic leukoencephalitis (hurst) is to practice good hygiene and sanitation, get vaccinated against the disease, and avoid contact with people who are infected. additionally, it is important to take steps to reduce the risk of mosquito bites, such as using insect repellent and wearing long-sleeved clothing.